A court in Vietnam on Jan. 5 sentenced three freelance journalists known for their criticism of the government to between 11 and 15 years in prison.

The three, Pham Chi Dung, Nguyen Tuong Thuy and Le Huu Minh Tuan are prominent members of the Independent Journalists Association of Vietnam (IJAVN). Dung is IJAVN’s founding president, while Thuy is the vice president and Tuan is an editor. They were convicted of anti-state propaganda under article 117 of the penal code, which punishes "making, storing, spreading information, materials, items for the purpose of opposing the State of Socialist Republic of Vietnam." This is a charge that is often used to silence government critics—despite the fact that it contradicts article 25 of Vietnam's constitution, which protects press freedom. Dung was jailed for 15 years and Thuy and Tuan for 11 years each.

International rights groups unequivocally condemned the sentencing. Human Rights Watch said in a statement, "Democracy dies without freedom of expression and the press, and the work of independent journalists like these three who dare expose malfeasance and demand reforms to end abuse of power."

Despite sweeping economic reforms, Vietnam's ruling Communist Party retains tight media censorship and tolerates little criticism. A recent decree, signed in October by Prime Minister Nguyen Xuan Phuc, punishes with a fine and suspension for sharing information that authorities deem harmful but not serious enough for a criminal penalty. Authorities have continued to harass, arrest and imprison bloggers and activists based on "national security" charges. Vietnam has a poor record for free media, ranking 175 out of 180 countries on the World Press Freedom Index compiled by Reporters Without Borders. (Jurist)

The Vietnam People's Court of Thoi Lai district has sentenced five journalists to prison for violating Article 331 of the country's penal code. The journalists are affiliated with the popular Bao Sach (Clean Journalism) Facebook group, and their sentences range from four and a half to two years.

The decision was reported Oct. 28 by VietnamPlus, an affiliate of the state-run news outlet Vietnam News Agency (VNA). The journalists were convicted under the charges of "abusing the rights to freedom and democracy to violate the interests of the State."

VNA reports that the defendants pled guilty to the charges. Stating that:

The articles and video clips posted by the group used unverified, untrue, and one-sided information that intentionally misled public opinions, causing misunderstanding and creating conditions for negative comments, thus inciting people to oppose guidelines of the Party, and policies and laws of the State.

The US State Department condemned the court's decision, saying that the conviction is "the latest in a troubling trend of detentions and convictions of Vietnamese journalists and citizens exercising their rights to freedom of speech." 

Vietnam ranks 175 out of 180 on the 2021 World Press Freedom Index. As part of their sentencing, the five defendants will not be allowed to practice journalism for three years following their release. (Jurist)

The US State Department on June 19 shared its "deep concern" over the two-year prison sentence of Vietnamese activist Nguyễn Thúy Hạnh (also rendered Nguy Thi Khanh). Nguyễn, founder of the Green Innovation & Development Centre and Vietnam's first recipient of the Goldman Environmental Prize, was detained and arrested on two occasions in 2021 on charges of propaganda against the state.

Last week the Hanoi People’s Court sentenced Nguyễn to two years imprisonment on charges of tax evasion. Nguyễn’s sentence came after the imprisonment of three other activists, Dang Dinh Bach, Bach Hung Duong and Mai Phan Loi, who raised dissent over the government's coal use policies. (Jurist)

Vietnamese journalist and activist Nguyen Lan Thang this week goes to trial on charges of "conducting anti-state propaganda," after being arrested in July 2022 for his reporting on protests and human rights violations. Should he be found guilty, Nguyen faces up to 12 years in prison.

Nguyen, who contributed to US government-funded Radio Free Asia as well as his own personal YouTube and Facebook pages, was charged in relation to 12 "anti-state" videos Nguyen had posted on his social media accounts. Nguyen also had a long history of peaceful activism, protesting against the expansion of Chinese influence, land confiscation, and the erosion of civil liberties in Vietnam. Vietnamese authorities have previously subjected Nguyen to arbitrary detentions, travel bans and harassment prior to this incident.

Nguyen's trial will be held in a closed-court session, with only his wife and lawyer able to attend. Authorities only permitted Nguyen to meet with his lawyer on Feb. 16, over seven months after his initial detention. (Jurist)

Vietnamese media on May 12 reported that the People's Court of Ho Chi Minh City sentenced political activist Tran Van Bang to eight years in prison and three years of probation for "spreading anti-government propaganda." The sentence came just hours after Human Rights Watch called upon Vietnamese authorities to drop all charges against Tran Van Bang.

Tran Van Bang allegedly used three Facebook accounts to publish 39 articles opposing the Vietnamese government, including calling for a boycott of the election of Vietnamese National Assembly deputies. Ho Chi Minh City police arrested Tran Van Bang on March 1, 2022, and charged him under article 117 of the Criminal Code. (Jurist)

The UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) stated June 2 that it is "deeply troubled" by the detention of environmentalist and human rights defender Hoang Thi Minh Hong in Ho Chi Minh City. Hoang is known for her activities in the fight against climate change, including bringing the Earth Hour initiative to Vietnam.

Hoang is the fifth prominent environmental or human rights activist arrested in Vietnam for alleged tax evasion in the last two years. Dang Dinh Bach, arrested last year on the same charge, is currently serving a five-year prison term. (Jurist, RFA)

A Vietnamese climate activist has been sentenced to three years in prison on tax evasion charges. Rights advocates say Hoang Thi Minh Hong is the fifth climate activist to be jailed in as many years. At least two remain in prison. When US President Joe Biden visited the country last month, activists were dismayed that the US president didn't bring up the plight of climate defenders, despite their calls for him to do so. (TNH)

Reporters Without Borders on June 7 issued a call for the immediate release of Vietnamese independent journalist and political commentator Truong Huy San, commonly known as Huy Duc. 

Huy Duc’s recent Facebook posts have focused on issues such as the concentration of power within Vietnam's Public Security Ministry and the shortcomings of the government's anti-corruption campaign. Vietnamese authorities arrested and charged Huy Duc under Article 331 of the Criminal Code, which pertains to "[a]busing democratic freedoms to infringe upon the interests of the State, the legitimate rights and interests of organizations and individuals."

Vietnam has among the world's highest number of imprisoned journalists. (Jurist)

The Hanoi People’s Court sentenced a prominent activist and former member of the critical YouTube channel CHTV, Phan Van Bach, to five years in prison on Sept. 16. He was convicted under Article 117 of the Penal Code, which criminalizes "distributing anti-state propaganda." Phan Van Bach had faced a maximum sentence of 12 years. (Jurist)

Human Rights Watch has urged Vietnam to repeal its new cybersecurity law, saying that it violates the rights to free speech and freedom of expression. Vietnam’s new law, set to come into effect on Dec. 25, builds on existing legislation to impose stricter rules surrounding internet use and freedom of speech. (Jurist)