Judges for the US Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit in New York City Sept. 17 upheld a verdict in favor of Royal Dutch Shell PLC in a case brought by families of Ogoni protesters who were executed by the Nigerian government in 1995, apparently in retaliation for speaking out against the oil company. The court ruled that the Alien Tort Claims Act (ATCA) does not apply to corporations, relieving Shell of liability for alleged complicity in human rights abuses in Nigeria. The plaintiffs had accused Shell of enlisting Nigerian military forces to help stop protests in the country, resulting in the violation of human rights among the Ogoni people.

Hundreds of protesters marched Sept. 9 in Galkayo, a town in Somalia's northern enclave of Puntland, against plans by a southern preacher in the US to hold a mass Koran-burning. The protesters, who marched through the town's main streets, chanted anti-American and anti-Christian slogans. Said march organizer Mohamed Abdullahi: "This is yet another proof of an anti-Islam sentiment in the western world." (The Nation, Kenya, Sept. 9)

A spike in food prices has triggered deadly riots in Mozambique this week, where the government declared the price hikes "irreversible" after an emergency cabinet meeting. Two of those killed are reported to have been children. Some 25 businesses were looted or damaged, and 12 buses attack by the protesters. The price of bread has risen by about 30% in the past year in Mozambique. The violence has been the worst in Mozambique since 2008, when clashes between police and rioters over rising prices left at least four people dead. (BBC News, Sept. 2)

The UN Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo (MONUSCO) is on the defensive since the NGO International Medical Corps revealed this week that rebels from the Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR), and members of a local Mai Mai militia, raped at least 154 women in North Kivu—a few kilometers from a MONUSCO base. The new head of MONUSCO, Roger Meece, addressing reporters in New York via video conference from Goma on Aug. 25, said that two patrols of peacekeepers were never told by the population that the rapes were being committed—even though these attacks are said to have lasted over three days.

Sheik Mohamud Ahmed Shurie, information secretary of the Ahlu Sunna (Sufi militia) for Somalia's Banadir region, held a telephone press conference with journalists in Mogadishu to declare war against Hizbul Islam and Harakat al-Shabab Mujahedeen for the coming holy Ramadan month. The Ahlu Suna Waljama'a clerics, African Union troops and the forces of Somalia's transitional government are battling al-Shabab and Hizbul Islam in the Somali capital and south and central regions of the country.

The US Department of Justice on Aug. 5 announced that 14 individuals have been charged with providing money, personnel and services to the Somalia-based designated terrorist organization al-Shabaab. Prosecutors in the Southern District of Alabama, the Southern District of California and the District of Minnesota unsealed four separate indictments accusing the 14 of terrorism violations. Also that day, two of the defendants, Amina Farah Ali and Hawo Mohamed Hassan—both naturalized US citizens—were arrested. (Jurist, Aug. 6)

From Amnesty International, Aug. 5:

Amnesty International has condemned attacks on politicians and journalists in the run-up to the presidential election on Aug. 9 and calls on the government to ensure the poll is held in an atmosphere where Rwandans can freely express their views.

Nearly 400 have been killed in recent clashes between the Sudanese army and Darfur's main rebel group, according to Sudanese state media. Most of the casualties were members of the Justice and Equality Movement (JEM). UN peacekeepers in Darfur confirmed that there were at least two major clashes between the two sides. Gen. Al-Tayeb al-Musbah, of the Sudanese army, told the state-run Suna news agency that the army destroyed "scores of JEM vehicles" during the fighting.