The opposition prefect of Bolivia's eastern Pando department, Leopoldo Fernández, is facing an order for his arrest from the national government following violence at Porvenir, 30 kilometers east of the department's capital, Cobija, that left 16 dead Sept. 11. Interior Minister Alfredo Rada said the 16 peasant supporters of President Evo Morales were killed in a clash with an armed opposition group. At least two opposition supporters were killed the next day as government troops opened fire to disperse protesters who had occupied Cobija's airport. Rada accused Fernández of orchestrating a "massacre," and said his supporters had brought in sicarios (hired assassins) from Brazil. Morales has declared martial law in Pando, and dispatched his presidency minister, Juan Ramón Quintana, to the department—but the minister remains confined to the airport by ongoing violence in the city.

The US Sept. 12 announced it will expel the Venezuelan ambassador, and declared that Venezuela's top two intelligence officials have supported "narco-terrorist activities" in the region. The Treasury Department accused the intelligence officials of aiding Colombia's FARC, "even as it terrorized and kidnapped innocents." In response, Venezuela's Exterior Minister Nicolás Maduro said in a statement that "Venezuela has decided to submit its entire relations with the United States to an intense review process."

Venezuelan President Hugo Chávez told a crowd of thousands of supporters in the city of Puerto Cabello Sept. 11 that he is giving US Ambassador Patrick Duddy 72 hours to leave the country—saying he issued the order in solidarity with his Bolivian ally President Evo Morales, who took the same measure the previous day. In the expletive-laden speech, Chávez said he is also recalling Venezuela's ambassador to Washington, Bernardo Álvarez. "Go to hell, Yankees," he said as the crowd cheered in support. Chávez added that "when there's a new government in the United States, we will send an ambassador, a government that respects the people of Latin America, the America of Simón Bolívar." (WP, Sept. 12)

Japan announced Sept. 12 that it plans to end its military airlift mission in Iraq by year's end. Chief Cabinet Secretary Nobutaka Machimura said his government is discussing withdrawal Air Self-Defense Force troops deployed in Kuwait for the air support mission, following a request from the Iraqi government had asked for a reduction in the presence of foreign military forces. The move is also a response to the impending December expiration of the UN resolution serving as the legal basis for the deployment.

At least two were killed and 80 wounded in renewed repression in India-controlled Kashmir Sept. 12. Police fired bullets and tear gas to disperse crowds in two towns near Srinagar after separatist leaders issued a call for Muslims across the region to protest Indian rule following Friday prayers. A curfew is in force in Shopian, where one protester was killed. A second was killed in Baramulla. Mohammed Yasin Malik, leader of the Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front (JKLF), was injured when police used tear-gas and batons to break up protests in Srinagar. (AlJazeera, Sept. 12)

Pakistan's army chief harshly criticized the US military for making unilateral cross-border raids from Afghanistan Sept. 12. Gen. Ashfaq Kayani, Chief of Army Staff, said there was "no agreement or understanding with the coalition forces whereby they are allowed to conduct operations on our side of the border." Pakistan would defend its sovereignty and territorial integrity "at all costs," he said.

Mexico says it has arrested 12 people on terrorism charges in the years since 9-11—but an official said none were linked to Islamist groups like al-Qaeda or were planning to strike in the US. Mexico's Federal Institute of Information Access revealed the 12 arrests to the Associated Press in response to a request made in February seeking details of any terrorism arrests in the last seven years.

The Department of Homeland Security said at Congressional hearings Sept. 10 that cost overruns, legal obstacles and other problems imperil its goal of completing the 670 miles of fencing and technological improvements on the Southwest border. Rising construction costs and delays in acquiring land from owners could thwart efforts to build the fence by the end of the year, said officials, who are seeking more money for the project.