Recent clashes between the Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA) and fighters from the nomadic Arab Miserriya community have displaced hundreds of civilians from their homes and raised tension across Abyei, a region lying between the north and South Sudan. Abyei's Gov. Edward Lino, appointed by the Sudan People's Liberation Movement, said that in new fighting March 20, "our men, the SPLA, exchanged fire with the Miserriya 20 kilometers east of the Heglig oil field."

Iranian artillery March 23 shelled three border towns in northern Iraq where Iranian Kurdish militants are believed to be operating, Iraqi Kurdish authorities reported. The shelling of the towns of Marado, Razda and Dolakoka started at 7:00 AM and lasted for about two hours, said Azad Watho, a top administrative official in Sulaimaniyah, one of three provinces that make up Iraq's autonomous Kurdish region. Watho said the shelling targeted fighters from the Party for Free Life in Kurdistan (PEJAK).

The death toll of US soldiers in Iraq passed 4,000 March 23 as four troops died in a roadside bomb attack on a patrol in southern Baghdad. More than 29,000 US soldiers have been wounded in five years of conflict in Iraq, according to the icasualties.org website. At least 97% of the deaths have come after George Bush announced the end of "major combat" in Iraq on May 1, 2003. At least 50 Iraqis, most of them civilians, also died March 23 in violence including bomb blasts and shootings. (AlJazeera, March 24) Gunmen in three cars opened fire on pedestrians in southern Baghdad's mixed Zaafariniya district, killing at least seven and wounding 16. (Reuters, March 23)

At least two people were killed and 12 wounded on March 22 in Peru's northeastern Loreto department in clashes between police and mostly Achuar indigenous workers who had been occupying installations on the Pluspetrol Norte oil company's lot 1AB since March 20 in a labor dispute. The clashes occurred after the workers attempted to take over the Andoas airport on March 22; they were then removed by police agents, who stayed to patrol the area.

On March 5 US District Judge Adalberto Jordan in Miami ordered retired Peruvian army major Telmo Ricardo Hurtado to pay $37 million to two survivors of a 1985 massacre in which soldiers under Hurtado's direct command killed 69 indigenous campesinos, mostly women and children, in the highlands village of Accomarca. The plaintiffs, Teofila Ochoa and Cirila Pulido, survived the massacre as teenagers, losing many of their close relatives. They sued Hurtado, who fled to the US in 2002, under the 1789 Alien Torts Statute; the San Francisco-based Center for Justice and Accountability (CJA) represented them. The $37 million award is mostly symbolic; Hurtado is currently in immigration detention.

From the Iraq Freedom Congress (IFC), March 22:

Letter to the Anti-War and -Occupation Forces of the World
On the Fifth Anniversary of US Administration and its Allies' Barbarism
The memory of March 19th puts out terror in the world. On this day the human race realizes that its destiny is in the hands of a bunch of criminals and blood-suckers in the US Administration. March 19th is a message to the world that freedom, civil rights and human dignity have no value to the corporate mafia interests of the US and its allies in the world.

Just as the UN is warning of a global food shock (in part due to the diversion of croplands into production of "biofuels"), come reports of dangerous new fungus with the ability to destroy entire wheat fields spreading from Africa into Asia. The UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) says the fungus—previously found in East Africa and Yemen—has been detected in Iran, its spores carried by wind across continents. Laboratory tests have confirmed its presence in Broujerd and Hamedan in the country's west. Up to 80% of all Asian and African wheat varieties are susceptible to the fungus, and major wheat-producing nations to Iran's east—including Afghanistan, India, Pakistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan—should be on high alert, the FAO warns. "The fungus is spreading rapidly and could seriously lower wheat production in countries at direct risk," said Shivaji Pandey, director of FAO's Plant Production and Protection Division.

Days after the harsh crackdown on protests in Lhasa, Chinese authorities are now arresting hundreds of Tibetans elsewhere in Tibet and Tibetan regions of neighboring Gansu and Sichuan provinces. The Tibetan Center for Human Rights and Democracy reports that in addition to those detained in the riots, 24 have been arrested in Lhasa "on a basis of pre-trial detention." The official Chinese news agency Xinhua reports that 170 "rioters" in the city have surrendered to police following days of unrest "that killed 13 innocent civilians." While Chinese authorities say "leniency" will be applied to those who surrender, the TCHRD questions this, noting the experience of 1989. The TCHRD says over 1,000 have been arrested throughout the Tibetan region, with hundreds more "disappeared." Homes have been raided and ransacked, and monasteries generally remain under occupation by the security forces. (TCHRD, March 21; Xinhua, March 19)