Chad's military launched air-strikes and ground assaults against rebels from the Union of Resistance Forces (UFR) in the east of the country Dec. 15, in the first major fighting since May. The UFR says four civilians were killed and many more wounded in the clashes, near the Sudan border. The government, which charges that Sudan backs the insurgency, denies any civilian casualties. (BBC News, Dec. 15)

A judge for the US District Court for the District of Columbia on Dec. 16 granted Yemeni Guantánamo Bay detainee Saeed Hatim's petition for habeas corpus, ordering his release. The US Department of Defense alleged that Hatim trained at the al-Farouq paramilitary camp in Afghanistan. Judge Ricardo Urbina's ruling remains sealed, and lawyers have declined to elaborate on his reasoning. A spokesperson for the US Department of Justice said the government is currently considering its options.

The Supreme Court of Pakistan Dec. 16 struck down the National Reconciliation Ordinance (NRO), which granted President Asif Ali Zardari and 8,000 other government officials immunity from corruption charges. A special 17-member panel of court ruled unanimously that the NRO is unconstitutional, paving the way for corruption charges to be brought against Zardari. President Zardari is immune from prosecution while in office, but challenges to his eligibility as a presidential candidate are expected. Many other government officials, including the interior and defense ministers, could face immediate prosecution.

Citing the "biohazard" created by blood-stained money, Judge Lynne Leibovitz of Washington's Superior Court has sentenced Ellen Barfield, a member of the national committee of the War Resisters League to 25 days in jail for a protest at a Senate hearing on US strategy in Afghanistan and Pakistan.

Israel reacted angrily to the news that a warrant has been issued in Britain for the arrest of former foreign minister Tzipi Livni, with President Shimon Peres calling it one of the "biggest political mistakes the UK has ever made" and warning that it is "high time" the British government changed a law allowing courts to grant such warrants. British ministers said they will look "urgently" at reforming the law.

Egypt has commenced construction of a huge metal wall along its border with the Gaza Strip that will extend 18 meters (55 feet) underground in an attempt to cut smuggling tunnels. The United States this year provided Egypt with $32 million for electronic surveillance and other security devices to prevent the movement of food, merchandise and weapons into Gaza—funds which are now likely being used in construction of the border wall. The barrier, which Egyptian officials say will be "impenetrable," is slated to be completed in 18 months. (Information Clearing House, Dec. 10; BBC News, Dec. 9)

The proposal by Porfirio Lobo, winner of Honduras' disputed presidential election on November 29, 2009, for an "amnesty for all" of those involved in the June coup d'état violates the country's international obligations and undermines the rule of law, Human Rights Watch said Dec. 11. The election was organized by the de facto government, and has been recognized only by the United States and four Latin American countries. The ousted president, Manuel Zelaya, urged his supporters to boycott the vote.

Walter Trochez, 25, a well-known LGBT activist in Honduras who was an active member of the National Resistance Front against the coup d'etat there, was assassinated on the evening of Dec. 13, shot dead by drive-by killers in central Tegucigalpa. Trochez, who had already been arrested and beaten after participating in a march against the coup, had been very active recently in documenting and publicizing homophobic killings and crimes committed by the forces behind the coup. He had been trailed for weeks before his murder by thugs believed to be members of the state security forces.