Spanish police arrested three suspected ETA suspects in Guipúzcoa June 23. The Interior Ministry said the three formed an "armed commando" which was prepared to go into action immediately, but denied it was responsible for a June 19 car bomb attack near Bilbao that killed a National Police counter-terrorism inspector. The attack, if it was the work of ETA, ends a six-month lull in activity by the group, four of whose leaders have been arrested in the past year by French and Spanish police. Spanish Prime Minister José Luis Rodriguez Zapatero, who broke off meetings in Brussels and returned to Madrid following the attack, said, "My will and my determination to finish ETA is unbreakable." (Typically Spanish, June 23; NYT, June 19)

On June 14, police in Most, Czech Republic, arrested 15 participants in a neo-Nazi march protesting last week's police raid against members of the National Resistance far-right group. In the June 9 police operation, code-named "Power," 10 were arrested on felony charges of promoting a movement aimed at suppressing human rights and freedoms. They are suspected of organizing a series of Nazi-themed concerts. Petr Kotáb, vice-chair of the far-right Workers' Party, was among the arrested at the Most march. (Romea, Czech Republic, June 15)

More than 100 Romanians were moved to emergency accommodation in Belfast June 17 after a racist gang attacked homes in the university area of the city. Several of the immigrants were wounded, and one of the attackers was said to be brandishing a gun. Most of the displaced say they no longer feel safe in Belfast and intend to return to Romania. The intimidation culminated in an attack on a rally being held in support of the Eastern European migrants June 15, in which thugs threw bricks and bottles and made Nazi salutes, chanting slogans associated with Combat 18, a far-right faction. (London Times, June 18)

Some 1,500 Muslims took to the streets of Athens on May 21 in a protest prompted by reports that a police officer tore up a copy of the Koran while checking the identity papers of four Syrian (or, by some accounts, Iraqi) immigrants. Marchers chanted "Allah is great" and carried banners reading "Hands off immigrants." Police used tear gas to disperse the crowd when violence broke out. Most of the protesters were from Pakistan or Afghanistan. Immigrants from Asia try to enter Greece daily. Last year Greek authorities arrested some 150,000 for entering the country illegally. (AlJazeera, Radio Netherlands, May 22)

Italian police arrested 68 accused members of the Camorra, Naples' ruling crime machine, on May 19, in one of the biggest crackdowns on organized crime in recent years. Judges issued 109 arrest warrants for murder, drug trafficking, money laundering and other charges. The warrants were directed mainly at the Amato-Pagano family, part of the breakaway "Scissionisti" clan fighting a family led by Paolo Di Lauro. The police blame the war between the factions for dozens of deaths in recent years. The head of the Amato-Pagano family, Raffaelle Amato, 44, was arrested in Marbella, Spain, on May 17. (AFP, AKI, May 19)

On April 18, an eight-member Romani family living in the small Moravian village of Vitkov was attacked in their home with Molotov cocktails, which completely destroyed the house. Someone reportedly turned off the water to the building before setting it on fire. The parents of a two-year-old girl and the girl herself were severely injured; while the girl remains in hospital, her parents have since been released. On May 3 they both attended a local demonstration by the Roma community against rising neo-Nazism in the Czech Republic. Demonstrations took place in 11 other locations nationwide and were attended by 3 000 people. Such a unified gathering of the Roma community has not taken place since 1989.

Police in Germany's capital Berlin arrested nearly 300 at the city's May Day march, with riot police battling hundreds of protesters deep into the night. According to authorities, militants attacked police with rocks, bottles and Molotov cocktails. Riot police responded with tear gas and pepper spray. 237 officers were reported injured. There were also riots reported in Germany's second city Hamburg. (Radio Netherlands, May 2)

In a joint operation, French and Spanish security forces arrested the presumed military chief of ETA and eight other suspected members of the Basque separatist organization at the village of Montauriol in southwestern France April 18. As part of the same operation, Spanish forces arrested a further six suspected ETA militants in the cities of Bilbao and Vitoria and the Basque Country town of Renteria.