Turkey on Oct. 23 said it launched air-strikes on supposed Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK [9]) targets in Syria's Rojava autonomous enclave [9] and Iraq's Kurdistan region in retaliation for an attack on the headquarters of a defense contractor in Ankara. Five were killed and two attackers reported "neutralized" in the explosion and armed assault at the Turkish Aerospace Industries (TUSAS [10]) facility in Ankara's Kahramankazan district. No group has claimed responsibility for the attack, but Turkish authorities quickly blamed the PKK. Strikes were reported on the Rojava towns of Qamishli [9], Derik [11], Kobane [12], Tal Rifaat [13], and Manbij [13]. Rojava's autonomous authorities said that at least four civilians were killed, including a five-year-old child, and 15 people injured. (Rudaw [15])