Colombia's Constitutional Court [9] on Feb. 7 revoked all licenses granted to companies that sought to carry out mining activities on páramos [10], the high alpine meadows that protect watersheds. The ruling overturns Article 173 of the government's new National Development Plan (PND [11]), which allowed 347 existing licenses in the alpine zones to move ahead, although barring the issuing of new ones. The ruling also struck down provisions of the PND that barred victims of the country's armed conflict from reclaiming usurped lands [12] that had been converted into so-called "Projects of Strategic National Interest" (PINE). Additionally, the court overturned a third article that allowed the government to forcibly expropriate privately-owned land for mega-projects. The decision is seen as a blow to the ambitions of Vice President Germán Vargas Lleras [13], mastermind of the PND. The case was brought by the left-opposition Polo Democrática [14]. (Colombia Reports [15], El Tiempo [16], Equilibrio Informativo [17], El Heraldo [18], Barranquilla, Feb. 9; El Espectador [19], RCN Radio [20], Feb. 8; Silla Vacía [21], Feb. 7)
